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Infrastructure for Integrated Electronics Design
and Manufacturing (IIEDM) Principal
Investigator: Kevin Brady (301)
975-3644 kevin.brady@nist.gov
Objective:
The primary goal of the IIEDM project is to
actively contribute to the technical development of neutral product data and
e-manufacturing exchange specifications and advanced interoperable e-business
infrastructure components. In pursuit of its primary goal, the IIEDM project
aids the growth of the electronics and semiconductor industries by providing two
valuable services: technical expertise in an impartial forum in the development
of standards and by providing assistance in resolving interoperability issues
between similar, and often conflicting, standardization efforts.
Background:
The US Electronics and Semiconductor industries are still major pieces of the US
economy with the semiconductor industry alone projected to have a $286 billon
dollar market in 2008. Due to constantly changing array of projects and
components on the market, increased international competition, new environmental
restrictions, and the steadily decreasing time window to introduce new projects,
both industries are looking to improve any aspect of their manufacturing,
supply, and design chains. Several areas that are clearly driving industry are
the need to develop improved data exchange standards, the need for providing
support for new environmental regulations, the need to developing support for
design for manufacturing (DFM), and the desire for enhanced factory automation.
Both the semiconductor and the electronics industry both are highly dependant on
the electronic exchange of data. This can be anything from the exchange of
printed circuit board designs between partner companies in a supply chain to the
semiconductor industry where system on a chip (SOC) designs are bought, sold,
and traded between companies. Due to highly competitive and dynamic nature of
both industries, new standards are constantly being developed by companies
seeking a competitive advantage or to reduce inefficiencies. However, creating
new data exchange standards is far from easy and even a slight problem with a
new standard can create more problems that it was meant to solve. There is a
growing awareness in the electronics industry that it needs better software
tools, better modeling tools, and expert guidance in order to generate the next
generation of data exchange standards.
In 2006, the European Union’s Restriction of Hazardous Material Substances (RoHS)
directive became one of the first of many environmental protection laws to be
passed that will have a direct impact on the electronic industries manufacturing
process. Other government bodies across the globe have been developing similar
legislation all designed to protect human health and the environment.
Unfortunately, as the electronics industry began to prepare for the effects of
EU’s RoHS it became evident that there were no supply chain standards in place
to support the necessary data exchange. While NIST and IPC provided industry
with the IPC 1752 Material Declaration standard to ensure compliance with RoHS,
the US electronics industry is now facing a tidal wave of new regulations coming
from all corners. This has the electronics industry scrambling to both
understand all these new regulations and at the same time develop the needed
supply chain infrastructure in order to ensure compliance before the laws go
into effect.
One of the main drivers for the manufacturing process is that in order to meet
product quality and cost objectives companies can no longer think in terms of
isolated design and manufacturing operations. To successfully create
nanometer-scale designs requires a tighter link between the manufacturing
process and the actual design phase of the project. In order to contend with the
physical effects that become more troublesome at smaller geometrics requires
manufacturing specific information to be available during the design process.
Having this DFM information can result in reduced problems, reduced product
re-spins, increased product yield. However, industry is struggling to get this
information from the foundry and back up to the product designer. This is
largely due to the lack of standards and concerns about potential intellectual
property loss.
As for factories, one driving issue is the increasing complexity of
next-generation semiconductor manufacturing and decreasing process tolerances
which require accurate equipment and factory time synchronization and data time
stamping in order to fully exploit automation capabilities and new data
availability. Accurately time-stamped data enables rapid, automated multi-variate
analysis in Advanced Process Control and Fault Detection Classification
applications. Intelligent analyses capabilities can expedite product ramp-up
time and result in enhanced quality and yield of the final product. Acquiring
reliable timestamps entail accurate time synchronization of all factory
equipment, subsystems, and other distributed components. Establishing distribute
synchronization requires all factory clocks to be able to communicate to a
specific timing protocol. In addition to enhanced time synchronization, industry
must develop standards that can establish the quality of the data being returned
from the factory equipment. These are all prerequisite steps for industry in
order to create the next generation fully automated factory.
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